greetd is a minimal, agnostic and flexible login manager daemon which does not make assumptions about what the user wants to launch, should it be console-based or graphical. Any script or program which can be started from the console may be launched by greetd, which makes it particularly suitable for Wayland compositors. It can also launch a greeter to start user sessions, like any other display manager.
安装
安装 greetd包 或 greetd-gitAUR。
默认配置文件位于 /etc/greetd/config.toml
。
PAM 相关的配置文件位于 /etc/pam.d/greetd
。
欢迎界面(Greeters)
Greetd 内置的默认欢迎界面是 greetd-agreety,这是一个最小化的实现。您可以考虑换成其他的欢迎界面:
- greetd-agreety — 默认的,基于文本的欢迎界面,类似于 agetty
- cosmic-greeter — 一个基于 libcosmic 的欢迎界面
- dlm — 一个基于 fbdev 的欢迎界面
-
ddlm — 一个基于 fbdev 的欢迎界面。
dlm
的改进/扩展版本
- gtkgreet — 一个基于 GTK 的欢迎界面
- ReGreet — 一个基于 GTK 的欢迎界面,支持不同的个性化选项,仅支持 Wayland
- wlgreet — 一个使用 Wayland 的欢迎界面
- tuigreet — 一个使用控制台 UI 的欢迎界面
- qtgreet — 一个基于 Qt 的欢迎界面
- nwg-hello — 一个用 Python 写的基于 GTK3 的欢迎界面
启动 greetd
启用 greetd.service
,以便在启动时启动 greetd。
欢迎界面(Greeter)配置
在 /etc/greetd/config.toml
的 default_session
节中的 command
选项配置 greetd 运行的欢迎界面。若没有做出更改,将使用内置的 agreety
欢迎界面。另请参阅 #agreety。
欢迎界面默认由 greeter
用户运行,您可在配置文件的 default_session
节中的 user
选项更改用户。将以下片段中的目标用户改为您想使用的用户:
... [default_session] user = "目标用户" ...
确保该用户具有 /etc/greetd
目录的所有权。
agreety
这是默认的欢迎界面。以下配置文件片段会让 greetd 启动 agreety:
... [default_session] command = "agreety --cmd $SHELL" ...
一旦用户登录,agreety 可以执行任意命令。例如,要启动 Sway,将上例中的 $SHELL
改为 sway
。
gtkgreet
gtkgreet 需要一个混成器才能运行。要获取完整体验需要一个具有 wlr-layer-shell-unstable
支持的混成器,当然其他的也能用。例如,推荐使用 sway包,但是其他的一些如 cage包 也能用,下文提供了此二者的示例。
为指定 gtkgreet 可启动的登录环境,请在 /etc/greetd/environments
列出它们。
例如:
sway bash
您也可以为 gtkgreet 添加 -c mycommand
参数,将 mycommand 替换为所需程序(例如,gtkgreet -c bash
或 gtkgreet -c sway
)。根据所需在以下两个混成器示例中执行该操作。
使用 cage
安装 cage包 并按照以下片段配置 command
选项:
... [default_session] command = "cage gtkgreet" ...
使用 sway
安装 sway包。请注意,使用 Sway 时,一旦用户登录,其必须被停止,为此您需要创建一个特定的配置文件。例如位于 /etc/greetd/sway-config
,具有以下内容:
# `-l` activates layer-shell mode. Notice that `swaymsg exit` will run after gtkgreet. exec "gtkgreet -l; swaymsg exit" bindsym Mod4+shift+e exec swaynag \ -t warning \ -m 'What do you want to do?' \ -b 'Poweroff' 'systemctl poweroff' \ -b 'Reboot' 'systemctl reboot' include /etc/sway/config.d/*
接下来,greetd 必须被设定为以上述配置文件运行 Sway。按照以下片段设置 command
选项:
... [default_session] command = "sway --config /etc/greetd/sway-config" ...
ReGreet
ReGreet 和 gtkgreet 一样需要混成器,和 gtkgreet 一样可以使用 Cage 和 Sway。只需将上述配置中的 gtkgreet 命令换成 regreet。对 sway 配置应当如此:
# Notice that `swaymsg exit` will run after ReGreet. exec "regreet; swaymsg exit" bindsym Mod4+shift+e exec swaynag \ -t warning \ -m 'What do you want to do?' \ -b 'Poweroff' 'systemctl poweroff' \ -b 'Reboot' 'systemctl reboot' include /etc/sway/config.d/*
ReGreet 从 /usr/share/xsession
(X11 会话)和 /usr/share/wayland-sessions
(Wayland 会话)选取可用的会话,因此无需在/etc/greetd/environments
中列出会话。
ReGreet can be configured through a TOML file in /etc/greetd/regreet.toml
. A sample file is provided in /usr/share/doc/greetd-regreet/regreet.sample.toml
with all available options. Copy this to /etc/greetd/regreet.toml
and make the changes you want, commenting out or deleting the lines you do not need. Any invalid options are ignored.
wlgreet
In order to start wlgreet, a compositor with wlr-layer-shell-unstable
is required. Follow the steps required to set up gtkgreet with Sway as described above but use the following for /etc/greetd/sway-config
instead:
exec "wlgreet --command sway; swaymsg exit" bindsym Mod4+shift+e exec swaynag \ -t warning \ -m 'What do you want to do?' \ -b 'Poweroff' 'systemctl poweroff' \ -b 'Reboot' 'systemctl reboot' include /etc/sway/config.d/*
tuigreet
tuigreet does not require any special setup, just set the command
option as follows:
... [default_session] command = "tuigreet --cmd sway" ...
tuigreet --help
will display customization options.
ddlm
ddlm does not require any special setup, just set the command
option as follows:
... [default_session] command = "ddlm --target sway" ...
qtgreet
In order to use qtgreet, you need a WLR based compositor (e.g. wayfireAUR, sway包).
Using Wayfire
Install wayfireAUR and set the command
option as follows:
... [default_session] command = "wayfire --config /etc/qtgreet/wayfire.ini" ...
The Wayfire configuration file referred to is included with qtgreet.
Using Hyprland
Set the command
option as follows:
... [default_session] command = "Hyprland --config /etc/greetd/hyprland.conf" ...
Then create /etc/greetd/hyprland.conf
as:
/etc/greetd/hyprland.conf
exec-once = qtgreet; hyprctl dispatch exit
nwg-hello
In order to use nwg-hello, you either need sway包 or hyprland包.
Using Sway
Install sway包 and set the command
option as follows:
... [default_session] command = "sway -c /etc/nwg-hello/sway-config" ...
The Sway configuration file referred to is included with nwg-hello.
Using Hyprland
Install hyprland包 and set the command
option as follows:
... [default_session] command = "Hyprland -c /etc/nwg-hello/hyprland.conf" ...
The Hyprland configuration file referred to is included with nwg-hello.
提示和技巧
自动登录
要让某用户自动登录,请在 /etc/greetd/config.toml
中定义 initial_session
节:
... [initial_session] command = "sway" user = "myuser" ...
command
选项可以是任意可执行文件,在上例中,系统启动后会以 myuser
用户运行 Sway。
若您不想用 greetd 且要使用自动登录,请参阅autologin。
运行本地程序
将您的 PATH 添加到 ~/.profile
,否则 greetd 唤起的桌面环境将无法运行本地程序。Greetd 不会访问 .bashrc
和 .zshrc
,因此不要在这两个文件中设置 PATH。
~/.profile
export PATH="$HOME/.local/bin:$PATH"
设定环境
Greetd 默认不会设定环境变量如 XDG_SESSION_TYPE 和 XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP 除非欢迎界面基于您设置的会话设定了环境变量(例如 TUI 会基于会话文件选择的区域设定会话类型)。一种方案是在执行实际命令前用一个脚本设定需要的环境变量,例如要启动 sway:
/usr/local/bin/start-sway
#!/bin/sh export XDG_SESSION_TYPE=wayland export XDG_SESSION_DESKTOP=sway export XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP=sway # Wayland stuff export QT_QPA_PLATFORM=wayland export SDL_VIDEODRIVER=wayland export _JAVA_AWT_WM_NONREPARENTING=1 exec sway "$@"
然后让欢迎界面运行该脚本,例如使用 gtkgreet
可以如此:
/etc/greetd/config.toml
... [default_session] command = "gtkgreet -c /usr/local/bin/start-sway" ...
或将 start-sway
置入 /etc/greetd/environments
。
参阅 How to Set XDG_SESSION_TYPE=wayland。
设定 logind 会话类型
The logind session type is set by the XDG_SESSION_TYPE environment variable. However, it must be set before the PAM session is opened. Because of this, setting the variable through ~/.profile
or a wrapper script will not work (both happen after session open).
The correct way to achieve this is through the environment variables sent by greeters (these are set before session open). So if your greeter supports it, just make it send the appropriate XDG_SESSION_TYPE=xxx.
If your greeter does not support this, it is also possible to use pam_env under the auth group. The drawback is that all the sessions spawned by greetd will use that session type, which may or may not be problematic depending on your use case.
Here is how one could use the pam_env method to have a Wayland session:
/etc/greetd/config.toml
[general] service = "greetd-spawn"
/etc/greetd/greetd-spawn.pam_env.conf
XDG_SESSION_TYPE DEFAULT=wayland OVERRIDE=wayland
/etc/pam.d/greetd-spawn
auth include greetd auth required pam_env.so conffile=/etc/greetd/greetd-spawn.pam_env.conf account include greetd session include greetd
缺失鼠标指针
若您在一些类似于 wayfire
的混成器上使用 qtgreet
,您通常需要设置某些环境变量以使鼠标指针正常工作,例如 WLR_NO_HARDWARE_CURSORS=1
。一种方案是创建一个可执行脚本并在 /etc/greetd/config.toml
中调用它:
/usr/local/bin/greetd-startup.sh
#!/bin/sh export WLR_NO_HARDWARE_CURSORS=1 exec wayfire --config /etc/qtgreet/wayfire.ini
/etc/greetd/config.toml
... [default_session] command = "/usr/local/bin/greetd-startup.sh" ...